What Are Children Fevers?
A fever in children is a temporary rise in body temperature, often due to an underlying illness or infection. It is the body's natural response to fight off viruses, bacteria, or other infections. While fevers can be alarming for parents, they are usually a sign that the immune system is working to protect the child.
A normal body temperature for children typically ranges from 97°F to 100.4°F (36.1°C to 38°C). Any temperature above 100.4°F is generally considered a fever. Fevers can vary based on age, time of day, and the method used to take the temperature (oral, rectal, or armpit).
Types of Fevers in Children
Low-Grade Fever
A low-grade fever ranges from 100.4°F to 102.2°F (38°C to 39°C). This type of fever often results from mild infections like the common cold. Children may still be active, eat and sleep relatively well, and show few other symptoms.
Moderate Fever
A moderate fever ranges between 102.3°F to 103.9°F (39°C to 39.9°C). It usually signals that the body is actively fighting a more significant infection. Children may appear tired, irritable, or complain of body aches.
High Fever
High fever refers to body temperatures of 104°F (40°C) or more. High fevers often cause concern due to the potential for discomfort, dehydration, or febrile seizures in some children.
Intermittent Fever
Intermittent fevers come and go during the day. The child's temperature may spike at a certain time, then return to normal. This pattern is seen in illnesses like malaria or some viral infections.
Remittent Fever
In this type, the temperature fluctuates daily but never returns to normal. This is common in respiratory tract infections and some bacterial infections.
Recurrent Fever
Recurrent or periodic fevers return regularly with symptom-free intervals in between. Some autoimmune or inflammatory conditions may trigger this fever type.
Persistent Fever
Persistent or continuous fever lasts more than a few days without major fluctuation. It could indicate a chronic infection or other underlying health condition requiring medical attention.
When to Be Concerned About Fever in Children
Although most fevers resolve on their own, parents should seek medical advice if:
- The child is younger than 3 months and has a temperature over 100.4°F (38°C)
- The fever lasts more than 3 days
- The child is unusually drowsy, irritable, or unresponsive
- There are signs of dehydration (dry lips, no tears, sunken eyes)
- The child experiences a seizure
- The fever is accompanied by rash, vomiting, or breathing difficulty
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Children’s Fever
What causes fever in children?
Fever is commonly caused by viral infections such as the flu, cold, or COVID-19. Bacterial infections like strep throat or ear infections can also lead to fever.
How can I check my child's temperature?
You can use a digital thermometer rectally for infants or orally/armpit for older children. Always follow age-appropriate temperature-taking guidelines.
Should I give medicine for every fever?
Not all fevers require medication. If the child is comfortable and active, observation is often enough. Use fever reducers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen only if the child is uncomfortable, as advised by a pediatrician.
What should my child eat or drink during a fever?
Encourage plenty of fluids like water, soups, and electrolyte solutions. Light, nutritious food such as fruits, rice, and vegetables can help maintain energy.
How long do fevers typically last in children?
Most viral fevers resolve within 2–3 days. If the fever persists beyond 72 hours, it's best to consult a pediatrician.
Can teething cause a fever?
Teething might cause a slight rise in body temperature but typically does not exceed 100.4°F (38°C). High fever usually suggests another cause.
Are febrile seizures dangerous?
Febrile seizures can occur in some children between 6 months and 5 years when their temperature spikes quickly. While scary, they are usually harmless. Still, immediate medical attention is advised.
Can I bathe my child during a fever?
Yes, a lukewarm sponge bath can help lower body temperature. Avoid cold water or ice baths, as they may cause shivering and worsen the fever.
When should I seek medical help for my child’s fever?
Seek medical help if the child is under 3 months with a fever, if the fever lasts more than 3 days, or if there are symptoms like rash, breathing issues, or persistent vomiting.
Fevers are a natural response of the body to infection and usually indicate the immune system is actively working. While most fevers in children are harmless and short-lived, parents should watch for warning signs that require medical attention. Proper hydration, rest, and home care can help children recover faster.